УДК 373.2
I.M. Marchenkova, E.D. Trofimova
Abstract. The article highlights the problem of developing diction in older preschool children during music classes in a preschool educational institution. Based on the literature review, it was determined that diction is a complex speech formation that combines the ability of a child to articulate speech sounds correctly, pronounce them distinctly, and enunciate all the sounds of the native language in words, as well as the style and manner of speaking. Diction ensures that the speaker's speech is understood by others. Given that the stages of the formation of singing skills are identical to the stages of the formation of sound in preschool children (according to L. B. Dmitriev), and diction in music classes is developed in ways that are unusual for children, singing in music classes can successfully form new neural connections, expand children's understanding of sounds and their pronunciation, and engage preschoolers by introducing novelty into their speech activities. Therefore, we consider music classes as a form of organizing work on the development of diction. Given the relevance of the problem of developing diction in older preschool children, we conducted a diagnostic study involving older preschool children from Municipal Budgetary Pre-School Educational Institution No. 87 in Pokrovskoye, Sverdlovsk Region. The diagnostic study revealed that only 30% of the preschool children had a high level of diction, while the majority of older preschool children (70%) had an average level of diction. Therefore, we turned to methods of developing diction in older preschool children during music classes: These include speech therapy exercises, vocal and articulation exercises, and breathing exercises, which help children develop proper vowel pronunciation, improve their consonant pronunciation, and enhance their prosodic speech patterns. The above methods contribute to the development of correct diction in older preschool children, which is one of the indicators of speech culture.
Keywords: senior preschoolers, diction, pronunciation, prosody, music classes, speech therapy warm-ups, vocal and articulation exercises, breathing exercises.
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